This is the third post in the Dorsey FCANow Blog’s FCA Basics Series covering the fundamentals of the False Claims Act (“FCA”), outlining FCA procedure, and highlighting key facets of FCA practice. Today’s post introduces the qui tam provisions of the FCA. The FCA’s Qui Tam Device Under the qui tam provisions of the FCA, private citizens—called relators—bring FCA lawsuits on behalf of the United...
Under the False Claims Act (FCA), private individuals—i.e. qui tam relators—file suit on behalf of the government against individuals or organizations, seeking to redress alleged frauds on the government. See 31 U.S.C. § 3730(b). The FCA’s qui tam provisions have faced constitutional challenges in the past. But until recently, courts have almost uniformly turned those challenges away, often emphasizing the statute’s “long pedigree” and the...
A recent decision by the U.S. District Court for the Northern District of California to reject a proposed $57 million settlement in a False Claims Act (FCA) litigation highlights the unique challenges and complexities that surround the resolution of FCA cases—challenges that set them apart from ordinary civil litigation. Background: The Tetra Tech Case The settlement arises from a case about the Hunters Point Naval...
On June 1, 2023, a unanimous Supreme Court decision sought to clarify the meaning of “scienter” in the FCA context, which deals with the defendant’s knowledge (or lack thereof) that a claim for payment was false and intent to submit the false claim. See United States ex rel. Schutte v. SuperValu Inc., 143 S. Ct. 1391 (2023) (“SuperValu”). There, the Court ruled that “[f]or scienter,...
On November 30, 2022, the Third Circuit Court of Appeals vacated dismissal of a retaliation action brought by Don Ascolese (“Ascolese”) under the False Claims Act (“FCA”). See United States ex rel. Don Ascolese v. Shoemaker Constr. Co., No. 21-2899, ECF No. 30 (3d Cir. 2022) (“3d Cir. Opinion”). In the complaint before the lower court, Ascolese alleged that Shoemaker Construction Co., McDonough Bolyard Peck...
On July 26, 2022, the Eighth Circuit Court of Appeals issued an opinion interpreting the standard for the causal link the government must show to establish that a “false or fraudulent” claim under the False Claims Act (“FCA”) included “items or services resulting from a violation” of 42 U.S.C. § 1320a-7b(g), the federal anti-kickback statute. United States ex rel. Cairns v. D.S. Med. LLC, 2022...
The Department of Justice recently announced that it resolved two civil lawsuits filed under the qui tam, or whistleblower, provisions of the False Claims Act to the tune of nearly $4 million. The suits alleged that a suburban Chicago diagnostics company, SNAP Diagnostics, LLC, that provides home testing for sleep disorders was defrauding Medicare and four other federal health care programs through kickbacks and unnecessary...
The Department of Justice (“DOJ”) continues rolling out new settlement agreements related to COVID-19 fraud—highlighting the government’s and a common relator’s efforts to crack down on those alleged to have improperly received monies through the Paycheck Protection Program (“PPP” or “Program”). A new settlement agreement once again showcases these trends and illustrates the civil liability that businesses and individuals may face under the False Claims...
Walmart successfully ended eight years of protracted litigation under the False Claims Act (“FCA”) on June 4, 2021, when the Sixth Circuit affirmed dismissal of Medicare and Medicaid fraud allegations against the major retailer. The case was first filed in February 2013. See United States ex rel. Sheoran v. Wal-Mart Stores E., No. 13-10568, 2019 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 140710, at *2 (E.D. Mich. Aug. 20,...
On March 19, 2021, a Southern District of New York judge denied a motion to dismiss a False Claims Act (“FCA”) suit alleging that Omnicare—a subsidiary of CVS Health Corp.—“dispensed drugs based on invalid prescriptions to potentially tens of thousands of individuals living at more than 3,000 residential facilities.” See United States ex rel. Bassan v. Omnicare, Inc., No. 1:15-cv-4179 (CM), 2021 U.S. Dist. LEXIS...
